Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

This pilot clinical trial studies exercise and diet intervention in promoting weight loss in obese patients with stage I endometrial cancer. Exercise and diet may cause weight loss and minimize the risk of gynecologic surgery related to being overweight in patients with endometrial cancer.

The purpose of this study is to determine laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a safer surgery than the gastric bypass, gives similar weight losses and that the safety of gastric in private pay patients versus insurance patients will be similar. This is a retrospective chart review of intervention charts.

The goal of this project is to identify predictors of success in the treatment of obesity after bariatric surgery. The specific aims of this proposal are to: Employ behavioral tests of mechanisms that control food intake in normal weight individuals, to determine which intake control mechanisms lead to changes after Roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG); and Measure behavioral and psycho-social predictors of weight loss and food intake reduction, so as to determine which are most predictive of successful weight loss and food intake reduction. Account for success in reduction of food intake brought about by the pattern of hormone release, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), Peptide YY (PYY) and gastric distention, known to underlie satiation, coupled with post-ingestive changes in reinforcing value of food and motivation to consume. Tests of the hypothesis will be done by measuring responses to tasting, working for, and consuming, foods on sensory, motivational, cognitive, and physiological variables, including amount consumed and rate of eating under standardized conditions, before surgery and at a two year follow up visit. In addition, the inhibitor sitagliptin will be administered the night before and day of test meal and exendin-9-39 (EX9) will be infused before and during the meal to determine whether blockade of GLP-1 / PYY receptors after surgery reverses intake reduction. Investigators predict that successful patients will show changes that favor reduction in food intake, rate of eating, motivation to consume, reward value of foods, and a hormone profile that has been shown to generate satiation and maintain reduction in intake (e.g. increased Cholecystokinin (CCK), GLP-1, PYY, reduced ghrelin). To the extent that psycho-social and cognitive factors may override physiological brakes to eating behavior, the subjects may fail to achieve success, and consequently the failure may be predicted from over-impulsiveness or inability to suppress working for rewarding food stimuli. To test these hypotheses, a total of 83 patients will be enrolled prior to RYGB/SG and restudied 2 years after the surgery. The sitagliptin / EX9 studies will be done in a subset of 32 completers. To test this aim, patients will be divided into 4 groups of 19. The 4 patients from each group with the most weight loss (% weight loss ≥35 at 2 years post-surgery, 16 patients in total) and least weight loss (% weight loss of ≤25 at two years 16 patients in total) will be recruited for these two additional post-operative visits within one year of completing Visit #3 after the RYGB/SG surgery. A total of 32 patients will be recruited for visits 4 and 5.

The investigators are examining: the relationships of insulin levels and natriuretic peptide hormone levels, and the effects of administering an infusion of natriuretic peptide hormone on the breakdown of fat in healthy lean and otherwise healthy obese individuals.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the evolution of daytime partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood (PaCO2) after 6 weeks of noninvasive ventilation-pressure support ventilation (NIV-PSV) with target volume versus continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) alone versus NIV-PSV.

To study the effect of Liraglutide (3.0 mg daily) on 9-month weight loss in low responders 3-months after bariatric surgery.

One of the primary risk factors for the development of diabetes is obesity. While even moderate weight loss achieved by dieting can lead to improvements in metabolic health, reduced-calorie diets are notoriously difficult to sustain. Over the past decade, a number of groups have shown that low protein diets are associated with metabolic health in both rodents and humans. In particular, specific building blocks of protein- the branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine, and valine - are associated with insulin resistance and diabetes in humans. Blood levels of the BCAAs decrease in humans fed a low protein diet, and we recently showed that reducing either dietary BCAAs or protein rapidly restored normal body composition and insulin sensitivity to diet-induced obese mice without reducing calorie intake. Current study will test the metabolic role of dietary BCAAs in humans by completing an adequately powered, randomized controlled study. A total of 132 subjects stratified by gender will be randomized to one of three groups: 1) Control; 2) Low Protein; 3) Low BCAA. Subjects in each group will replace two meals a day (and 2/3rds of their baseline dietary protein) with meal replacement beverages based on either complete protein powder or a BCAA-free medical food for two months. Primary outcomes will be weight and fasting blood glucose levels. A number of secondary outcomes will also be assessed and blood, adipose, and fecal samples will be collected for integrated transcriptional and metabolomic pathway analysis to identify and compare the metabolic pathways affected by low protein and low BCAA diets.

The primary objective of the current proposal is to determine the effectiveness of long-term consumption of Fibersym® RW for improving blood lipids (including cholesterol) and body composition. The overall goal of this clinical research is to determine the potential effects that RS4 consumption may have on the prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Fiber in the form of RS4 will be used for the proposed study, given that fiber has been shown to have many beneficial effects on modifiable risk factors associated with obesity-related diseases. Using a long-term randomized-controlled intervention design, blood lipids (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides) and body composition will be assessed. The investigators anticipate reductions in cholesterol and body fat percentage following 8-weeks of Fibersym® RW consumption.

Phthalate esters have been considered closely related with childhood obesity, but the existing studies revealed inconsistent results. This study was desigened to investigate the association between phthalate esters and childhood obesity in China.

The goal of this study was to find prevalence and correlations of different weight abnormalities and risk of abdominal obesity in a random sample of Egyptian children suffering from cerebral palsy. This cross- sectional study hypothesize the prevalence of weight abnormalities and risk of abdominal obesity in addition to positive correlations between weight abnormalities and number of exercise hours and frequency of meals in a random sample of Egyptian children suffering from cerebral palsy RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the prevalence of weight abnormalities and and risk of abdominal obesity in Egyptian children with cerebral palsy? Does the weight abnormalities correlates with number of exercise hours or frequency of meals in children with cerebral palsy?