Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Previous surgery and obesity has disputed as an unfavorable factor during Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. The aim of the investigator's study was to assess the effects of previous abdominal surgery and obesity on intra-operative and post-operative outcomes of TLH.

Loss of control (LOC) eating in children is associated with multiple physical and mental health impairments, including obesity and eating disorders. Little is known about the developmental neurobiology of LOC, which is crucial to specifying its pathophysiology and the development of effective preventive interventions. Individual differences in working memory (WM) appear to be related to LOC eating and excess weight status in youth, but the specificity and neural correlates of these individual differences are unclear. Failure to adequately understand the nature of associations between WM and eating behavior in children with overweight/obesity limits the development of appropriately-targeted, neuro-developmentally informed interventions addressing problematic eating and related weight gain in youth. To close this clinical research gap, the current study proposes to investigate the context-dependence of WM impairment and its neural correlates in children with concomitant overweight/ obesity and LOC eating as compared to their overweight/obese peers. Specific aims are to investigate: 1)WM performance in youth with LOC eating relative to overweight/obese controls during recalls in the context of food-related versus neutral distractors; and 2) neural activation patterns during WM performance across both food-related and neutral stimuli. We hypothesize that, relative to their overweight/obese peers, youth with LOC eating will show 1) more errors and slower response times during recalls involving food-related vs. neutral distractors, and fewer errors and faster response times during recalls involving food-related vs. neutral targets; 2) increased activation in prefrontal regions during WM performance across stimuli types relative to overweight/obese controls, and 3) even greater activation in the context of food-related versus neutral distractors. The proposed study is the first to use state-of-the-science neuroimaging methodology to clarify the relations between WM and LOC eating, with strong potential to advance understanding of the associations among executive functioning, excess weight status, and eating pathology, and inform the development of interventions (e.g., WM training) to alleviate their cumulative personal and societal burden.

Eligible candidates will be recruited within the children with overweight and obesity having a metabolic risk evaluation before treatment in the period 2006 and 2010 at the pediatric clinic of the UZ Brussel In total 60 participants will be investigated. Firstly, 30 participating patients with initially elevated hsCRP will be selected at random ( following the date of their initial investigation) and afterwards matched for age, BMI z-score, and blood pressure with the same number of patients without initially elevated hCRP values Data will be collected as follows: questionnaires clinical examination/ anthropometry blood sample (hsCRP) peripheral arterial tonometry (endoPAT)

Objective: Study the effect of body position on spirometry in obese patients as defined by waist to hip ratio (WHR) of greater than 0.85 in women, and 0.9 in men Background: Spirometry is routinely ordered to work up dyspnea in obesity. The most common abnormality is a restrictive disease pattern. The underlying mechanisms of this pattern are not completely understood. One plausible explanation is diaphragmatic weakness or skeletal muscle weakness. The change in forced vital capacity (FVC) from sitting to supine is a very sensitive and specific test for detecting diaphragmatic weakness. The effect of body position on spirometry in obesity has not been extensively studied, and there are no studies that look at this when obesity is measured by waist to hip ratio. Effect of body position has been studied in normal patients, and it is expected the FVC can decrease as much as 10% when changing from sitting to supine. The investigators do not know what would be considered 'the normal' amount for FVC to decrease by in the obese population, and thus would like to test patients with increased WHR both in sitting and supine position. The investigators also want to do muscle strength test by measuring the maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIPs and MEPs). Anticipated results: the investigators anticipate that our study population will replicate the restrictive disease pattern usually seen in obesity. The investigators also anticipate for the FVC to decrease when in the supine position compared to sitting. The amount by which it decreases will likely fall between 10 -25%. The investigators anticipate to not find any abnormalities in MIPs and MEPs in obesity.

The high prevalence of childhood obesity is a major public health issue, worldwide. Childhood obesity is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events in adulthood, but recent studies also point out the development of cardiovascular complications in childhood or adolescence justifying the need for early detection and appropriate therapeutic management to prevent the development of more severe abnormalities. This project proposes to evaluate the myocardial function in a fine and comprehensive way (longitudinal, circumferential and radial linear deformations, and rotation / torsion mechanics) from the deformation imaging (MRI and high-resolution echocardiography), in obese adolescents following a lifestyle intervention combining diet and physical activity.

The aim was to show if a combination of topiramate and empagliflozin have the greatest weight decreasing effect in comparison to each drug alone and to group with no treatment( control group). .

The goal of this research study is to learn more about the hormones that muscles make during exercise, and if those hormones are associated with type 2 diabetes risk in adults who are overweight or obese. Participants will undergo exercise testing on an upright bicycle, with blood samples taken for muscle hormones before and after exercise. The hypothesis is that adults with overweight/obesity and insulin resistance will have an impaired muscle hormone profile in response to exercise compared to adults with overweight/obesity who are not insulin resistant.

The long-term courses after bariatric surgery are not sufficiently known. Furthermore there is a heterogeneity in postoperative responses. The aim of this study is to investigate the glycemic course (prediabetes, development of diabetes) of patients with obesity (BMI>=35 kg/m2) who had undergone bariatric surgery compared to patients with obesity who have not. A further aim is to investigate predictors of weight development, development of body composition and insulin sensitivity of patients who had undergone bariatric surgery compared to obesity patients who have not undergone bariatric surgery. The long-term courses after different surgical procedures (Roux-Y vs Sleeve) will be compared. In this study 300 patients with obesity who had been metabolically characterized in a previous study will be recruited. These patients are examined (medical history, physical examination including ECG, BIA, weight, height) and metabolically characterized. Participants without diabetes undergo a glucose tolerance test and fasting blood sampling will be performed in participants with diabetes. All patients complete questionnaires to activity, nutrition, life quality, impulsiveness, depression and eating behavior. Randomly selected participants will be offered an abdominal fat tissue biopsy. When consent is given, this will be performed at least two days after the glucose tolerance test.

This is a large and comprehensively phenotyped cohort with fasting glycaemia where the predictive value of body composition and anthropometric measures of total and central fat distribution for postprandial carbohydrate intolerance are studied.

This study is a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial of the Family Check-Up 4 Health (FCU4Health), an adapted version of the Family Check-Up, in pediatric primary care. Patients will be recruited based on their age (2-5 years old) and randomized to receive the intervention, FCU4Health, or services as usual. All families will be assessed annually over three years.