Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

To examine how a low glycemic index diet (LGID) changes biochemical parameters, body measurements, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Phobia (C19P) and body image perception in obese individuals with insulin resistance. Obesity groups with insulin resistance who received a control diet (CD) and a LGID will be compared with each other in terms of biochemical parameters, body image perception, C19P and body measurements. In addition, each group will be compared with the start and end measurements over the same values.

Obesity in adolescents is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In order to detect early development of cardiovascular disease, early detection of the endothelium of obese adolescents is needed. Endothelium dysfunction is an early stage of developing atherosclerosis, which can be a predictor of cardiovascular disease development in the future. Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) is a non-invasive method that can measure endothelium function and predict the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is not only able to measure artery diameter, but also provides function index of nitric oxide (NO) in the endothelium. FMD is negatively related to BMI. Meanwhile, Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, because when its levels increase, ET-1 can cause a condition of hyperinsulinemia. ET-1 was found to be high in patients with cardiovascular disorders, as well as in obese and diabetic subjects. Alternative methods for assessing endothelial function by measurement of biomarkers of activation and endothelial dysfunction such as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1). Levels of sICAM-1 have been found to be related positively to age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and inversely to estrogen. Furthermore, associations have been found between sICAM-1 and cardiovascular mortality in both healthy individuals and populations at high risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate FMD, concentrations of ET-1 and sICAM-1 in adolescents with a presence of obesity and hypertension and to compare these with controls (obesity and non hypertension), as well as to analyze the correlations between FMD, ET-1, sICAM-1 and blood pressure values.

The investigators are performing a randomized controlled-trial investigating if 50mcg (compared to 25 mcg) of vaginal misoprostol reduces the time from induction start to delivery in obese women.

The overall aim of this 12-week randomized controlled trial is to investigate if a dietary fiber supplement rich in arabinoxylans (AX) affects weight loss success differently according to baseline gut microbiota composition in subjects who have overweight or obesity. 105 participants will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive 15 g/day of AX or placebo.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of twice-daily ARD-101 in obese subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of 30-45 kg/m2.

Study the relationship between the body mass index and duration of mechanical ventilation & complications in mechanically ventilated COPD patients. Study the effect of obesity on mortality rate of COPD mechanically ventilated patients. Determine prevalence of obesity in mechanically ventilated COPD patients.

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic with increasing prevalence, specially severe obesity (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2). It is a multifactorial disease that involves genetic and environmental factors that lead to increased mortality from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, among others and impairs life quality. Most research on severe obesity focuses on surgical alternatives and their results, thus this clinical trial aims to evaluate the effect of a non-pharmacological approach based on nutritional intervention and supplementation with a functional food, the olive oil. It will analyze the effectiveness of interventions on: weight loss, improvements on body composition and inflammatory profile (TNF-alfa, interleucins 1, 6 and 10, adiponectin), insulin resistance and serum lipids control, changing eating habits and physical activity practice, modification on bone mineral density and sarcopenia, and reduction of cardiovascular risk and other diseases. Also, it will be investigated the influence of polymorphisms (Pro12Ala of PPAR-γ gene, -174G>C of IL6 gene e Trp64Arg of ADRB3 gene) on nutritional intervention effectiveness with and without olive oil. This research looks for improving severely obese patient's care and contributing to effective results by reducing costs and risk treatment. The investigators believe that this informations will contribute significantly to the scientific field, expanding the knowledge about severe obesity.

The purpose of this study is to preliminarily validate a parent-focused obesity intervention program for parents of low-income, African American preschoolers who are currently overweight (> 85th BMI %tile). Half of the participants will receive an intervention that is eight sessions in length and carried out in the participant's home. The sessions will target the nutrition and physical activity knowledge of parents and their motivation for changing parenting related to family eating habits and activity level. The remaining participants will receive an attention comparison control condition (ACCC), which includes one home visit, 7 newsletters and 4 monthly support phone calls. It is hypothesized that children of parents receiving the intervention will have decreases in BMI %tile, consume more fruits/vegetables and fewer sugary beverages, and engage in more activity as compared to ACCC.

This study will be the first clinical trial to examine the impact of two different weight loss interventions on novel mechanisms that promote obesity and impede its successful treatment, including cognitive function and self-regulatory factors. The results will provide important data about how impaired cognitive function and/or self-regulation promote obesity and how different weight loss treatments may differentially impact these factors; this information will be used to identify promising cognitive and self-regulatory treatment targets for preventing further obesity development and for maintaining weight loss.

Investigators propose this study in order to answer the following research question: An educational intervention and breastfeeding support at postpartum will increase the frequency and total breastfeeding duration in the intervention group? This is a randomized (with control and intervention groups) study, open and parallel (1: 1 ratio between study groups) with 200 pregnant women in the second or third trimester, according to their body mass index (BMI, kg / m2) with excess weight (BMI> 29 pre-pregnancy weight) and that will address their pregnancy in the public health services and hospitals belonging to the Health Ministry of 5 districts: Coyoacán, Magdalena Contreras, Tlalpan, Xochimilco and Alvaro Obregón in Mexico City. The intervention group and the control group will have the same characteristics for eligibility. The main phases to develop the study are PHASE 1. INTERVENTION DESIGN PHASE 2. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTERVENTION. PHASE 3. FOLLOW-UP The intervention will be offered at 3 times: 1) Educational intervention (a workshop) to pregnant obese women. The workshop will be held by an International Board Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) to promote exclusive breastfeeding and to encourage a better breastfeeding performance in accordance with the WHO recommendations. The workshop will be held at convenient times and will be conducted for groups of 8 to 10 participants; 2) Immediate breastfeeding support at hospital by an IBCLC and; 3) The women will be exposed to early telephonic follow-up during the first week of their children´s lives and each month until six months of life. Then, if the breastfeeding continues, every two months until the first year of their children´s life. At the first month postpartum, investigators will visit participants at home, both the control group and the intervention group, for collecting information on breastfeeding practices, for taking a breast milk sample to estimate its fatty acids content, and a blood sample (serum) to obtain the C-Reactive Protein. Also, the investigators will take anthropometric measurements of the children to evaluate their growth (weight, length, and skinfold thickness). Investigators will ask for breastfeeding practices and diet of the participants through a 24 hours recall. The results of this intervention group will be compared with the control group: pregnant obese women without educational intervention or telephonic follow-up.